What are the two most common types of brakes?

The answer is based on the fundamental design and functionality of vehicle braking systems. Drum brakes and disc brakes are the two most prevalent types of braking systems found in modern vehicles.

Drum brakes operate using a cylindrical drum that rotates along with the wheel. Inside the drum, brake shoes are pushed outward against the drum's inner surface when the brakes are engaged. This friction slows the wheel down. Drum brakes are commonly used in conjunction with rear wheels because they often provide sufficient stopping power while being cost-effective.

Disc brakes, on the other hand, use a flat disc (or rotor) that is attached to the wheel. When the brakes are applied, brake pads clamp down on the spinning disc, generating friction that slows the vehicle. Disc brakes are favored for their superior heat dissipation, which reduces the risk of brake fade, making them ideal for the front wheels of vehicles where greater stopping power is typically required.

The widespread use of both drum and disc brakes in various vehicle designs justifies their classification as the two most common types of brakes. Understanding the distinctions and functions of these braking systems is crucial for appraisers in assessing vehicle damage and performance.